২. সংধিগতরোগবিজ্ঞানীযাধ্যাযঃ

Meaning of the śloka

Now the chapter concerning the recognition of diseases situated at the junctions of the eye will be explained, as taught by the venerable Dhanvantari.

Key terms

सन्धिगत (sandhigata)

Situated at the junctional regions of the eye.

रोगविज्ञानीय (rogavijñānīya)

Concerning the recognition or understanding of diseases.

गत (gata)

A word understood here as indicating the site or locus of a disorder.

धन्वन्तरि (Dhanvantari)

The authoritative teacher to whom the teaching is attributed.

Meaning of the śloka

Nine diseases are to be recognized as occurring at the junctions of the eye: pūyālasa, upanāha, the discharges, parvaṇikā, alajī, and krimigranthi.

Key terms

पूयालस (pūyālasa)

A named junctional eye disorder listed in this classification.

उपनाह (upanāha)

A named disease situated at an ocular junction.

स्राव (srāva)

Ocular discharge; the commentary states that four discharge disorders are included.

कृमिग्रन्थि (krimigranthi)

A named junctional disorder described literally as a krimi-associated swelling or nodule.

Meaning of the śloka

A mature swelling arising at an ocular junction that discharges thick, foul-smelling pus is called pūyālasa.

Key terms

पक्व शोफ (pakva śopha)

A swelling described as mature or suppurated.

कनीनसन्धि (kanīna-sandhi)

The particular ocular junction identified by the commentary as the site of this disorder.

सान्द्र पूय (sāndra pūya)

Thick pus discharged from the swelling.

सन्निपातज (sannipātaja)

Attributed by the commentary to the combined involvement of the doṣas.

Meaning of the śloka

Upanāha is described as a large nodular swelling at the junction of the eye, showing little suppuration, chiefly characterized by itching, and free from pain.

Key terms

उपनाह (upanāha)

The named nodular disorder of an ocular junction described in this passage.

ग्रन्थि (granthi)

A knot-like or nodular swelling.

दृष्टिसन्धि (dṛṣṭi-sandhi)

A junctional region of the eye in the text's anatomical classification.

अपाक (apāka)

Explained by the commentary here as slight suppuration.

Meaning of the śloka

When the doṣas travel through the tear passage to the junctions of the eye, they produce painless discharges from the kanīnaka region; some call these disorders netranāḍī. Their four forms are described as follows. Pūyāsrāva is a variable discharge of pus from suppuration at the junction. Śleṣmāsrāva is a painless, white, thick, slimy discharge. Raktāsrāva, arising from blood, discharges a warm, blood-tinged, copious fluid that is not extremely thick. Pittāsrāva releases from the middle of the junction a warm, water-like fluid described as yellowish or blue.

Key terms

अश्रुमार्ग (aśrumārga)

The tear passage, interpreted by the commentary here as vessels.

कनीनक (kanīnaka)

The eye-junction region from which the discharges are described as emerging.

पूयास्राव (pūyāsrāva)

A variably appearing purulent discharge attributed by the commentary to combined doṣa involvement.

श्लेष्मास्राव (śleṣmāsrāva)

A white, thick, slimy, painless ocular discharge attributed to śleṣman.

रक्तास्राव (raktāsrāva)

A warm, blood-tinged and relatively fluid ocular discharge associated with blood.

पित्तास्राव (pittāsrāva)

A warm, water-like, yellowish or blue discharge attributed to pitta.

Meaning of the śloka

Parvaṇī is described as a thin, copper-colored, round swelling arising from blood and accompanied by burning and pain. Alajī arises at the junction of the dark and white parts of the eye and is described by the same preceding signs.

Key terms

पर्वणी (parvaṇī)

A thin, round, copper-colored swelling at an ocular junction, accompanied by burning and pain.

अलजी (alajī)

A thicker swelling at the junction of the dark and white ocular regions, sharing the signs attributed to parvaṇī.

कृष्णशुक्लसन्धि (kṛṣṇa-śukla-sandhi)

The junction between the dark and white regions of the eye in the text's anatomy.

सन्निपातज (sannipātaja)

Arising from the combined involvement of the doṣas, as stated for alajī.

Meaning of the śloka

Krimigranthi is described at the junction of the eyelid and the white part of the eye. Organisms of various forms arising at this junction produce itching where the eyelid meets the eyelashes; moving within and feeding there, they injure or impair the eye.

Key terms

क्रिमिग्रन्थि (krimigranthi)

A named disorder at the eyelid–ocular junction, associated here with itching and krimi.

वर्त्मशुक्लस्य सन्धि (vartma-śuklasya sandhi)

The junction between the eyelid and the white part of the eye.

कण्डू (kaṇḍū)

Itching, described as a principal feature of the condition.

क्रिमि (krimi)

Organisms or parasitic agents invoked by the text in explaining the disorder; the term should remain within its classical context.

कफज (kaphaja)

Classified by the commentary as arising from kapha.

Meaning of the śloka

Thus ends the second chapter of the Uttaratantra in the Suśruta Saṃhitā, entitled ‘Knowledge of Diseases Located at the Ocular Junctions’ (Saṃdhigatarogavijñānīya).

Key terms

सन्धिगतरोगविज्ञानीय (saṃdhigatarogavijñānīya)

The chapter title, concerning knowledge of disorders situated at the ocular junctions.

उत्तर तन्त्र (Uttaratantra)

The division of the Suśruta Saṃhitā in which this chapter occurs.

शालाक्यतन्त्र (Śālākyatantra)

The specialty section identified by the commentary colophon.

निबन्धसङ्ग्रह (Nibandhasaṅgraha)

The title of Dalhaṇa's commentary on the Suśruta Saṃhitā.