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AYANAACADEMYby Dr Vijaya Dwarampudi
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೧೦. ಪಿತ್ತಾಭಿಷ್ಯನ್ದಪ್ರತಿಷೇಧಾಧ್ಯಾಯಃ

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Adhikarana ೧ (೧-೨) · Śloka ೨

ಅಥಾತಃ ಪಿತ್ತಾಭಿಷ್ಯನ್ದಪ್ರತಿಷೇಧಂ ವ್ಯಾಖ್ಯಾಸ್ಯಾಮಃ ||೧|| ಯಥೋವಾಚ ಭಗವಾನ್ ಧನ್ವನ್ತರಿಃ ||೨||

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अथातः पित्ताभिष्यन्दप्रतिषेधं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१|| यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||

Meaning of the śloka

Now we shall explain the treatment of pittābhiṣyanda, an ocular disorder attributed to pitta. Thus spoke the revered Dhanvantari.

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ವಾತಾಭಿಷ್ಯನ್ದಪ್ರತಿಷೇಧಾನನ್ತರಂ ‘ವಾತಾದ್ದಶ ತಥಾ ಪಿತ್ತಾತ್’ ಇತಿ ವಚನಾತ್ ಪಿತ್ತಾಭಿಷ್ಯನ್ದಪ್ರತಿಷೇಧಾರಮ್ಭಃ- ಅಥಾತ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ||೧-೨||

Meaning of the commentary

After the treatment of vātābhiṣyanda, the treatment of pittābhiṣyanda is begun in accordance with the earlier statement that ten disorders arise from vāta and likewise from pitta. The words beginning with ‘now, therefore’ introduce this subject.

Key terms

pittābhiṣyanda
An ocular condition described here as arising from pitta.
pratiṣedha
Treatment or therapeutic management.
Dhanvantari
The revered authority to whom the teaching is attributed.

Adhikarana ೨ (೩) · Śloka ೩

ಪಿತ್ತಸ್ಯನ್ದೇ ಪೈತ್ತಿಕೇ ಚಾಧಿಮನ್ಥೇ ರಕ್ತಾಸ್ರಾವಃ ಸ್ರಂಸನಂ ಚಾಪಿ ಕಾರ್ಯಮ್ | ಅಕ್ಷ್ಣೋಃ ಸೇಕಾಲೇಪನಸ್ಯಾಞ್ಜನಾನಿ ಪೈತ್ತೇ ಚ ಸ್ಯಾದ್ಯದ್ವಿಸರ್ಪೇ ವಿಧಾನಮ್ ||೩||

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पित्तस्यन्दे पैत्तिके चाधिमन्थे रक्तास्रावः स्रंसनं चापि कार्यम् | अक्ष्णोः सेकालेपनस्याञ्जनानि पैत्ते च स्याद्यद्विसर्पे विधानम् ||३||

Meaning of the śloka

For pittābhiṣyanda and the pitta-associated form of adhimantha, the text prescribes bloodletting and sraṃsana. It also prescribes ocular irrigation, external applications, and añjana, together with the regimen stated for pitta-related visarpa.

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ಪಿತ್ತೇತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಸ್ರಂಸನಂ ವಿರೇಕಃ| ಪಿತ್ತವಿಸರ್ಪವಿಧಾನಂ ‘ಉಶೀರಲಾಮಜ್ಜಕಚನ್ದನಾನಿ’ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿಪ್ರಲೇಪಾಃ| ಪೂರ್ವವದತ್ರಾಪ್ಯಪತರ್ಪಣಾದಿಭಿಃ ಕೃತಾಮಪಾಚನಸ್ಯ ಸ್ನೇಹಪೂರ್ವಕಃ ಸಿರಾಮೋಕ್ಷಃ||೩||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary explains sraṃsana as vireka, purgation. The regimen for pitta-related visarpa includes external pastes beginning with uśīra, lāmajjaka, and candana. As stated previously, after apatarpaṇa and related measures have brought about āmapācana, sirāmokṣa is to be performed following oleation.

Key terms

pittābhiṣyanda
An ocular disorder attributed to pitta.
adhimantha
A severe ocular disorder discussed here in its pitta-associated form.
sraṃsana
A downward-cleansing measure, identified by the commentary as vireka or purgation.
sirāmokṣa
Therapeutic bloodletting described in the commentary.
añjana
A medicinal eye application.

Adhikarana ೩ (೪-೫) · Śloka ೬

ಗುನ್ದ್ರಾಂ ಶಾಲಿಂ ಶೈವಲಂ ಶೈಲಭೇದಂ ದಾರ್ವೀಮೇಲಾಮುತ್ಪಲಂ ರೋಧ್ರಮಭ್ರಮ್ | ಪದ್ಮಾತ್ಪತ್ರಂ ಶರ್ಕರಾ ದರ್ಭಮಿಕ್ಷುಂ ತಾಲಂ ರೋಧ್ರಂ ವೇತಸಂ ಪದ್ಮಕಂ ಚ ||೪|| ದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಾಂ ಕ್ಷೌದ್ರಂ ಚನ್ದನಂ ಯಷ್ಟಿಕಾಹ್ವಂ ಯೋಷಿತ್ಕ್ಷೀರಂ ರಾತ್ರ್ಯನನ್ತೇ ಚ ಪಿಷ್ಟ್ವಾ | ಸರ್ಪಿಃಸಿದ್ಧಂ ತರ್ಪಣೇ ಸೇಕನಸ್ಯೇ ಶಸ್ತಂ ಕ್ಷೀರಂ ಸಿದ್ಧಮೇತೇಷು ಚಾಜಮ್ ||೫|| ಯೋಜ್ಯೋ ವರ್ಗೋ ವ್ಯಸ್ತ ಏಷೋಽನ್ಯಥಾ ವಾ ಸಮ್ಯಙ್ನಸ್ಯೇಽಷ್ಟಾರ್ಧಸಙ್ಖ್ಯೇಽಪಿ ನಿತ್ಯಮ್ |೬|

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गुन्द्रां शालिं शैवलं शैलभेदं दार्वीमेलामुत्पलं रोध्रमभ्रम् | पद्मात्पत्रं शर्करा दर्भमिक्षुं तालं रोध्रं वेतसं पद्मकं च ||४|| द्राक्षां क्षौद्रं चन्दनं यष्टिकाह्वं योषित्क्षीरं रात्र्यनन्ते च पिष्ट्वा | सर्पिःसिद्धं तर्पणे सेकनस्ये शस्तं क्षीरं सिद्धमेतेषु चाजम् ||५|| योज्यो वर्गो व्यस्त एषोऽन्यथा वा सम्यङ्नस्येऽष्टार्धसङ्ख्येऽपि नित्यम् |६|

Meaning of the śloka

The text lists gundrā, śāli, śaivala, śailabheda, dārvī, elā, utpala, rodhra, abhra, lotus leaf, sugar, darbha, sugarcane, tāla, rodhra, vetasa, padmaka, grapes, honey, candana, yaṣṭikāhva, human breast milk, rātrī, and anantā. Having ground these, medicated ghee is described for tarpaṇa, and goat’s milk processed with them is described for irrigation and nasal use. This group may be employed separately or together and is also stated for the four kinds of nasya.

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ಇದಾನೀಂ ಪಿತ್ತಸ್ಯಾಭಿಷ್ಯನ್ದಯೌಗಿಕದ್ರವ್ಯಾಣ್ಯಾಹ- ಗುನ್ದ್ರಾಮಿತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಗುನ್ದ್ರಾ ಏರಕಾಭೇದಃ, ಗವೇಧುಕೇತ್ಯನ್ಯೇ, ಶೈವಲಂ ದೂರ್ವಾ, ಶೈಲಭೇದಃ ಪಾಷಾಣಭೇದಃ, ಚನ್ದನಂ ರಕ್ತಚನ್ದನಂ, ರಾತ್ರಿಃ ಹರಿದ್ರಾ, ಅನನ್ತಾ ಉತ್ಪಲಸಾರಿವಾ, ಯೋಷಿತ್ಕ್ಷೀರಂ ಸ್ತ್ರೀಸ್ತನ್ಯಂ, ಶರ್ಕರಾದೇಃ ಸಾಹಚರ್ಯಾತ್ ಕಲ್ಕದ್ರವ್ಯೇ ಇಕ್ಷುರಿತಿ ಇಕ್ಷುರಸೇನ ದ್ರವಕಾರ್ಯಮ್| ವ್ಯಸ್ತಃ ಅಸಮಸ್ತಃ, ಅನ್ಯಥಾ ವಾ ಸಮಸ್ತ ಇತ್ಯರ್ಥಃ| ಯದ್ಯಪಿ ವರ್ಗತ್ವಾತ್ ‘ಸಮಸ್ತಂ ವರ್ಗಮರ್ಧಂ ವಾ ಯಥಾಲಾಭಮಥಾಪಿ ವಾ’ ಇತಿ ಶಲ್ಯತನ್ತ್ರೋಕ್ತಪರಿಭಾಷಯೈವ ಸಮಸ್ತವ್ಯಸ್ತತಾ ಪ್ರಾಪ್ತಾ, ತಥಾಽಪಿ ಶಾಲಾಕ್ಯತನ್ತ್ರತ್ವಾದತ್ರ ಪುನರುಕ್ತಾ| ನಸ್ಯೇ ಅಷ್ಟಾರ್ಧಸಙ್ಖ್ಯೇ ಚತುಃಸಙ್ಖ್ಯೇ ಪ್ರತಿಮರ್ಷಾವಪೀಡನಸ್ಯಶಿರೋವಿರೇಚನಾಖ್ಯೇ||೪-೫||-

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary introduces these as combined substances for pitta-related abhiṣyanda. It identifies gundrā as a variety of eraka, while some authorities identify it as gavedhukā; śaivala as dūrvā; śailabheda as pāṣāṇabheda; candana as red sandalwood; rātrī as haridrā; anantā as utpalasārivā; and yoṣitkṣīra as breast milk. Because sugarcane occurs among ingredients to be made into a paste, the commentary understands its juice as the liquid medium. Vyasta means that the group is used separately, while ‘otherwise’ means together. Although a surgical-text rule already permits use of a whole group, half of it, or what is available, the distinction is repeated here because this is the śālākya section. The phrase ‘half of eight’ means four and refers to the four kinds of nasya: pratimarśa, avapīḍa, nasya, and śirovirecana.

Key terms

tarpaṇa
A classical procedure in which a medicinal preparation is retained in contact with the eye.
nasya
Administration of a medicinal substance through the nose.
yoṣitkṣīra
Human breast milk, according to the commentary.
vyasta
Use of the listed substances separately rather than as one complete group.
anantā
A listed substance identified by the commentary as utpalasārivā.

Adhikarana ೪ (೬) · Śloka ೬

ಕ್ರಿಯಾಃ ಸರ್ವಾ ಪಿತ್ತಹರ್ಯಃ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಾಸ್ತ್ರ್ಯಹಾಚ್ಚೋರ್ಧ್ವಂ ಕ್ಷೀರಸರ್ಪಿಶ್ಚ ನಸ್ಯಮ್ ||೬||

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क्रियाः सर्वा पित्तहर्यः प्रशस्तास्त्र्यहाच्चोर्ध्वं क्षीरसर्पिश्च नस्यम् ||६||

Meaning of the śloka

After three days, all measures that reduce pitta are recommended. Milk and ghee are indicated, and nasya is also prescribed.

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ಕ್ರಿಯಾ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಕ್ಷೀರಸರ್ಪಿಶ್ಚೇತಿ ‘ಭೋಜನೇ’ ಇತಿ ಶೇಷಃ| ನಸ್ಯಮಿತ್ಯುಪಲಕ್ಷಣಂ, ತೇನಾಶ್ಚ್ಯೋತನಸೇಕಾಞ್ಜನಾದಿ ಗೃಹ್ಯತೇ| ಯದ್ಯಪಿ ‘ಪೈತ್ತೇ ಚ ಸ್ಯಾದ್ಯದ್ವಿಸರ್ಪೇ ವಿಧಾನಂ’ ಇತ್ಯನೇನೈವ ಪಿತ್ತಹರೀ ಕ್ರಿಯಾ ಕಥಿತಾ, ತಥಾಽಪಿ ತತ್ರ ವ್ಯಾಧಿಪ್ರತ್ಯನೀಕತಯೋಕ್ತಾ, ಅತ್ರ ತು ದೋಷಪ್ರತ್ಯನೀಕತ್ವೇನೇತಿ ನ ದೋಷಃ||೬||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary supplies ‘with food’ after the reference to milk and ghee. It treats nasya as representative, thereby including āścyotana, irrigation, añjana, and related measures. Although pitta-reducing treatment was already stated through the instruction to follow the regimen for pitta-related visarpa, that earlier statement concerned measures opposed to the disease, whereas this statement concerns measures opposed to the doṣa; therefore the repetition is not considered a fault.

Key terms

pittaharī kriyā
A therapeutic measure described as reducing or counteracting pitta.
nasya
Nasal administration, used here by implication to include related local measures.
āścyotana
A classical procedure involving instillation of liquid into the eye.
doṣapratyanīka
A measure selected as being opposed to the implicated doṣa.

Adhikarana ೫ (೭) · Śloka ೭

ಪಾಲಾಶಂ ಸ್ಯಾಚ್ಛೋಣಿತಂ ಚಾಞ್ಜನಾರ್ಥೇ ಶಲ್ಲಕ್ಯಾ ವಾ ಶರ್ಕರಾಕ್ಷೌದ್ರಯುಕ್ತಮ್ |೭|

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पालाशं स्याच्छोणितं चाञ्जनार्थे शल्लक्या वा शर्कराक्षौद्रयुक्तम् |७|

Meaning of the śloka

For use as añjana, the text describes the red substance from palāśa, or a preparation of śallakī combined with sugar and honey.

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ರಕ್ತಪಿತ್ತಪ್ರಸಾದಕಾಞ್ಜನಾನಾಂ ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾ ಪ್ರಥಮಾ, ಅತಸ್ತಾಮಾಹ- ಪಾಲಾಶಮಿತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಪಾಲಾಶಂ ಶೋಣಿತಂ ಕಿಂಶುಕರಸಃ; ಅನ್ಯೇ ಪಲಾಶಖಪುರಮಾಹುಃ|೭|-

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary presents this as the first rasakriyā among añjana preparations intended to soothe rakta and pitta. It explains ‘the red substance of palāśa’ as the juice of kiṃśuka; other authorities instead understand it as the material found in a hollow of the palāśa tree.

Key terms

añjana
A medicinal application to the eye.
palāśa
The plant source of the red substance, interpreted in two different ways by the commentary.
kiṃśuka-rasa
Juice of kiṃśuka, one interpretation of the red palāśa substance.
śallakī
A plant substance offered as an alternative ingredient.
rasakriyā
A concentrated medicinal extract used here as an eye preparation.

Adhikarana ೬ (೭) · Śloka ೭

ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾಂ ಶರ್ಕರಾಕ್ಷೌದ್ರಯುಕ್ತಾಂ ಪಾಲಿನ್ದ್ಯಾಂ ವಾ ಮಧುಕೇ ವಾಽಪಿ ಕುರ್ಯಾತ್ ||೭||

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रसक्रियां शर्कराक्षौद्रयुक्तां पालिन्द्यां वा मधुके वाऽपि कुर्यात् ||७||

Meaning of the śloka

A rasakriyā combined with sugar and honey may be prepared from pālindī or from madhuka.

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ಅಪರಾಮಪಿ ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾಮಾಹ- ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾಮಿತ್ಯಾದಿ| ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾಫಾಣಿತಾಕೃತಿಃ| ತಥಾ ಚೋಕ್ತಮ್- “ಗೃಹೀತ್ವಾ ಕ್ವಾಥಕಲ್ಪೇನ ಕ್ವಾಥಂ ಪೂತಂ ಪುನಃ ಪುನಃ| ಕ್ವಾಥಯೇತ್ ಫಾಣಿತಾಕಾರಮೇಷಾ ಪ್ರೋಕ್ತಾ ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾ” ಇತಿ| ಪಾಲಿನ್ದೀ ಶ್ಯಾಮಾ ತ್ರಿವೃತ್, ಸಾರಿವಾಮನ್ಯೇ||೭||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary introduces another rasakriyā and describes its consistency as resembling phāṇita, a thickened syrup. It quotes a definition: a decoction prepared in the usual manner is filtered repeatedly and boiled until it reaches a phāṇita-like consistency; this is called rasakriyā. Pālindī is identified as śyāmā or trivṛt, while some authorities identify it as sārivā.

Key terms

rasakriyā
A concentrated extract described as having a thick syrup-like consistency.
phāṇita
A thickened syrup-like consistency used to characterize rasakriyā.
pālindī
A plant substance identified as śyāmā or trivṛt, with sārivā given as an alternative identification.
madhuka
An alternative plant substance named for this rasakriyā.

Adhikarana ೭ (೮) · Śloka ೮

ಮುಸ್ತಾ ಫೇನಃ ಸಾಗರಸ್ಯೋತ್ಪಲಂ ಚ ಕೃಮಿಘ್ನೈಲಾಧಾತ್ರಿಬೀಜಾದ್ರಸಶ್ಚ |೮|

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मुस्ता फेनः सागरस्योत्पलं च कृमिघ्नैलाधात्रिबीजाद्रसश्च |८|

Meaning of the śloka

A preparation is described using musta, sea-foam, utpala, and the expressed liquid or decoction of krimighna, ela, dhatri, and bija.

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ಅಪರಮಪಿ ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾಞ್ಜನಮಾಹ- ಮುಸ್ತೇತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಕೃಮಿಘ್ನಾ ವಿಡಙ್ಗಾಃ, ಧಾತ್ರೀ ಆಮಲಕಂ, ಬೀಜಃ ಪೀತಸಾರಃ ‘ಬೀಜಕ’ ಇತಿ ಯಾವತ್, ಮುಸ್ತಾದೀನಾಂ ರಸೇ ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾ ಕಾರ್ಯಾ|೮|-

Meaning of the commentary

The commentator introduces this as another rasakriya collyrium. Krimighna is identified as vidanga, dhatri as amalaka, and bija as the yellow-hearted timber called bijaka. A concentrated rasakriya is to be prepared from the liquid of musta and the other listed substances.

Key terms

rasakriyā
A concentrated preparation made from the expressed liquid or decoction of the ingredients, intended here as collyrium.
kṛmighna
Identified by the commentary as viḍaṅga.
dhātrī
Identified by the commentary as āmalaka.
bīja
Explained here as the yellow-hearted timber called bījaka.

Adhikarana ೮ (೮) · Śloka ೮

ತಾಲೀಶೈಲಾಗೈರಿಕೋಶೀರಶಙ್ಖೈರೇವಂ ಯುಞ್ಜ್ಯಾದಞ್ಜನಂ ಸ್ತನ್ಯಪಿಷ್ಟೈಃ ||೮||

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तालीशैलागैरिकोशीरशङ्खैरेवं युञ्ज्यादञ्जनं स्तन्यपिष्टैः ||८||

Meaning of the śloka

In the same manner, a collyrium is to be prepared from talisa, ela, gairika, usira, and sankha, ground with breast milk.

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ವರ್ತ್ಯಞ್ಜನಮಾಹ- ತಾಲೀಶೇತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಕಾಶೀಶೈಲೇತಿ ಕೇಚಿತ್ ಪಠನ್ತಿ||೮||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentator identifies this as a wick-form collyrium. Some authorities read the relevant words as kasisa and ela, providing a textual variant in the ingredient list.

Key terms

vartyañjana (varty-añjana)
A collyrium prepared in wick form.
gairika
The red ochre ingredient named in the formula.
uśīra
An aromatic plant ingredient in the collyrium.
kāśīśa
A mineral ingredient found in an alternative reading reported by the commentary.

Adhikarana ೯ (೯) · Śloka ೯

ಚೂರ್ಣಂ ಕುರ್ಯಾದಞ್ಜನಾರ್ಥೇ ರಸೋ ವಾ ಸ್ತನ್ಯೋಪೇತೋ ಧಾತಕೀಸ್ಯನ್ದನಾಭ್ಯಾಮ್ |೯|

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चूर्णं कुर्यादञ्जनार्थे रसो वा स्तन्योपेतो धातकीस्यन्दनाभ्याम् |९|

Meaning of the śloka

For use as a collyrium, a powder—or alternatively a liquid preparation combined with breast milk—is to be made from dhataki and syandana.

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ಚೂರ್ಣಾಞ್ಜನಮಾಹ- ಚೂರ್ಣಮಿತ್ಯಾದಿ| ರಸೋ ವೇತಿ ರಸಕ್ರಿಯಾ ವೇತ್ಯರ್ಥಃ| ಸ್ಯನ್ದನೋಽನೇನೈವ ನಾಮ್ನಾ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಃ| ಕೇಚಿತ್ ಚನ್ದನಾಭ್ಯಾಮಿತಿ ಪಠನ್ತಿ|೯|-

Meaning of the commentary

This is presented as a powdered collyrium. The word rasa is understood here to mean an alternative rasakriya preparation. Syandana is said to be known by that very name. Some authorities instead read candana, sandalwood, in the ingredient pair.

Key terms

cūrṇāñjana
A powdered preparation intended for use as collyrium.
rasakriyā
The concentrated liquid preparation offered by the commentary as an alternative to powder.
dhātakī
One of the named ingredients.
syandana
A plant or substance said by the commentary to be known by this name; some read candana instead.

Adhikarana ೧೦ (೯) · Śloka ೯

ಯೋಷಿತ್ಸ್ತನ್ಯಂ ಶಾತಕುಮ್ಭಂ ವಿಘೃಷ್ಟಂ ಕ್ಷೌದ್ರೋಪೇತಂ ಕೈಂಶುಕಂ ಚಾಪಿ ಪುಷ್ಪಮ್ ||೯||

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योषित्स्तन्यं शातकुम्भं विघृष्टं क्षौद्रोपेतं कैंशुकं चापि पुष्पम् ||९||

Meaning of the śloka

Gold rubbed with a woman's breast milk is described, as is a kimsuka flower preparation combined with honey.

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ಯೋಷಿದಿತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಶಾತಕುಮ್ಭಂ ಸುವರ್ಣಂ, ತಚ್ಚ ಯೋಷಿತ್ಸ್ತನ್ಯೇನ ಘೃಷ್ಟಮಞ್ಜನಮ್| ಕ್ಷೌದ್ರಯುಕ್ತಂ ವಾ ಕಿಂಶುಕಪುಷ್ಪಂ ಘೃಷ್ಟಂ ತಾಮ್ರಪಾತ್ರಾದಾವಞ್ಜನಮ್||೯||

Meaning of the commentary

Satakumbha means gold; gold rubbed with breast milk is used as a collyrium. Alternatively, kimsuka flower mixed with honey is ground—on a copper vessel or similar surface—and used as a collyrium.

Key terms

śātakumbha
Identified by the commentary as gold.
kaiṃśuka puṣpa
The flower of kiṃśuka named for the alternative collyrium.
kṣaudra
Honey used with the kiṃśuka flower.
añjana
A preparation applied to the eye as collyrium.

Adhikarana ೧೧ (೧೦) · Śloka ೧೦

ರೋಧ್ರಂ ದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಾಂ ಶರ್ಕರಾಮುತ್ಪಲಂ ಚ ನಾರ್ಯಾಃ ಕ್ಷೀರೇ ಯಷ್ಟಿಕಾಹ್ವಂ ವಚಾಂ ಚ | ಪಿಷ್ಟ್ವಾ ಕ್ಷೀರೇ ವರ್ಣಕಸ್ಯ ತ್ವಚಂ ಚ ತೋಯೋನ್ಮಿಶ್ರೇ ಚನ್ದನೋದುಮ್ಬರೇ ಚ ||೧೦||

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रोध्रं द्राक्षां शर्करामुत्पलं च नार्याः क्षीरे यष्टिकाह्वं वचां च | पिष्ट्वा क्षीरे वर्णकस्य त्वचं च तोयोन्मिश्रे चन्दनोदुम्बरे च ||१०||

Meaning of the śloka

Lodhra, draksa, sugar, utpala, the substance called yastika, and vaca are ground in breast milk. The bark of varnaka is likewise ground in milk. A further preparation is described with candana and udumbara mixed with water.

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ರೋಧ್ರಮಿತ್ಯಾದಿ| ರೋಧ್ರಾದಿವಚಾನ್ತಂ ನಾರೀಕ್ಷೀರೇ ಪಿಷ್ಟಮೇಕಮಞ್ಜನಮ್| ವರ್ಣಕೋ ರೋಚನಿಕಾ; ತಸ್ಯಾಸ್ತ್ವಕ್ ನಾರೀಕ್ಷೀರೇಣ ಪಿಷ್ಟಾ ದ್ವಿತೀಯಮಞ್ಜನಮ್| ಅನ್ಯೇ ವರ್ಣಕತ್ವಕ್ಶಬ್ದೇನ ಕರ್ಣಿಕಾರವೃಕ್ಷಸ್ಯ ವಲ್ಕಲಂ ಕಥಯನ್ತಿ, ತನ್ನೇಚ್ಛತಿ ಗಯೀ| ತೋಯೋನ್ಮಿಶ್ರೇ ಚನ್ದನೋದುಮ್ಬರೇ ಚೇತಿ ತೃತೀಯಾಞ್ಜನಂ, ತೋಯೋನ್ಮಿಶ್ರೇ ಬಾಲಕಯುಕ್ತೇ, ಚನ್ದನಂ ಕುಚನ್ದನಂ; ಪಞ್ಜಿಕಾಕಾರಸ್ತು ಚನ್ದನೋದುಮ್ಬರಂ ಭೃಶತರಂ ಚೂರ್ಣಿತಂ ವಸ್ತ್ರಬದ್ಧಂ ತೋಯಪ್ಲುತಮಾಶ್ಚ್ಯೋತನಾಞ್ಜನಮಾಹ||೧೦||

Meaning of the commentary

The first collyrium consists of the ingredients from lodhra through vaca ground in breast milk. For the second, varnaka is identified as rocanika and its bark is ground with breast milk. Others understand varnaka-bark as the bark of the karnikara tree, but Gayi rejects that interpretation. The phrase concerning candana and udumbara mixed with water gives a third collyrium: toy-onmisra is explained as containing balaka, and candana here as kucandana. The author of the Panjika, however, describes candana and udumbara as very finely powdered, tied in cloth, soaked in water, and used as an ascyotana eye preparation.

Key terms

varṇaka
Identified as rocanikā; an alternative interpretation takes it as karṇikāra bark, which Gayī rejects.
toyonmiśra
Explained by the commentary as mixed with water and containing bālaka.
kucandana
The type of candana intended according to one explanation.
āścyotana
Administration of a liquid preparation into or over the eye.

Adhikarana ೧೨ (೧೧-೧೨) · Śloka ೧೨

ಕಾರ್ಯಃ ಫೇನಃ ಸಾಗರಸ್ಯಾಞ್ಜನಾರ್ಥೇ ನಾರೀಸ್ತನ್ಯೇ ಮಾಕ್ಷಿಕೇ ಚಾಪಿ ಘೃಷ್ಟಃ | ಯೋಷಿತ್ಸ್ತನ್ಯೇ ಸ್ಥಾಪಿತಂ ಯಷ್ಟಿಕಾಹ್ವಂ ರೋಧ್ರಂ ದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಾಂ ಶರ್ಕರಾಮುತ್ಪಲಂ ಚ ||೧೧|| ಕ್ಷೌಮಾಬದ್ಧಂ ಪಥ್ಯಮಾಶ್ಚ್ಯೋತನೇ ವಾ ಸರ್ಪಿರ್ಘೃಷ್ಟಂ ಯಷ್ಟಿಕಾಹ್ವಂ ಸರೋಧ್ರಮ್ | ತೋಯೋನ್ಮಿಶ್ರಾಃ ಕಾಶ್ಮರೀಧಾತ್ರಿಪಥ್ಯಾಸ್ತದ್ವಚ್ಚಾಹುಃ ಕಟ್ಫಲಂ ಚಾಮ್ಬುನೈವ ||೧೨||

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कार्यः फेनः सागरस्याञ्जनार्थे नारीस्तन्ये माक्षिके चापि घृष्टः | योषित्स्तन्ये स्थापितं यष्टिकाह्वं रोध्रं द्राक्षां शर्करामुत्पलं च ||११|| क्षौमाबद्धं पथ्यमाश्च्योतने वा सर्पिर्घृष्टं यष्टिकाह्वं सरोध्रम् | तोयोन्मिश्राः काश्मरीधात्रिपथ्यास्तद्वच्चाहुः कट्फलं चाम्बुनैव ||१२||

Meaning of the śloka

For collyrium, sea-foam is rubbed with breast milk or honey. Yastimadhu, lodhra, draksa, sugar, and utpala are kept in breast milk, tied in linen, and regarded as suitable for ascyotana. Alternatively, yastimadhu with lodhra is rubbed with ghee. Kasmari, dhatri, and pathya mixed with water are also said to be used in the same way, as is katphala with water alone.

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ಕಾರ್ಯ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಅಪರಮಾಶ್ಚ್ಯೋತನಮಾಹ- ನಾರೀತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಯಷ್ಟಿಮಧುಕಾದಿದ್ರವ್ಯಮತೀವ ಚೂರ್ಣಿತಂ ಸ್ತ್ರೀಸ್ತನ್ಯಸ್ಥಾಪಿತಂ ಕ್ಷೌಮವಸ್ತ್ರಾವಬದ್ಧಮಾಶ್ಚ್ಯೋತನೇ ಹಿತಮಿತ್ಯರ್ಥಃ| ಯಷ್ಟಿಕಾಹ್ವಂ ಸರೋಧ್ರಮಿತಿ ಯಷ್ಟಿಮಧುಕರೋಧ್ರೇ ವಾ ಘೃತಘೃಷ್ಟೇ ಪೂರ್ವವದಾಶ್ಚ್ಯೋತನಮ್||೧೧-೧೨||

Meaning of the commentary

After mentioning the collyrium, the commentator introduces another ascyotana. Yastimadhu and the other substances are to be very finely powdered, kept in breast milk, and enclosed in linen; this is explained as suitable for ascyotana. Alternatively, yastimadhu and lodhra are rubbed with ghee and used for ascyotana as previously described.

Key terms

āścyotana
A liquid eye application or instillation described in this passage.
yaṣṭikāhva
The substance identified in the commentary as yaṣṭimadhu.
pathyā
An ingredient named with kāśmarī and dhātrī in a water-mixed preparation.
kṣauma
Linen cloth used to enclose the finely powdered ingredients.

Adhikarana ೧೩ (೧೩) · Śloka ೧೩

ಏಷೋಽಮ್ಲಾಖ್ಯೇಽನುಕ್ರಮಶ್ಚಾಪಿ ಶುಕ್ತೌ ಕಾರ್ಯಃ ಸರ್ವಃ ಸ್ಯಾತ್ಸಿರಾಮೋಕ್ಷವರ್ಜ್ಯಃ ||೧೩||

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एषोऽम्लाख्येऽनुक्रमश्चापि शुक्तौ कार्यः सर्वः स्यात्सिरामोक्षवर्ज्यः ||१३||

Meaning of the śloka

For the condition called Amlākhya, and also for Śukti, the entire sequence of treatment just described should be carried out, except for sirāmokṣa (bloodletting from a vein).

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ಇದಾನೀಮಮ್ಲಾಧ್ಯುಷಿತಶುಕ್ತ್ಯೋಃ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಾಮಾಹ- ಏಷ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಕೇಚಿದಮ್ಲಾಧ್ಯುಷಿತಶುಕ್ತ್ಯೋರಶಸ್ತ್ರಕೃತ್ಯತ್ವಾದೇವ ಸಿರಾಮೋಕ್ಷವರ್ಜನಂ ಸಿದ್ಧಮ್, ಅತಃ ‘ಶಿರಾಮೋಕ್ಷವರ್ಜ್ಯ’ ಇತಿ ಪಾಠಂ ನ ಪಠನ್ತಿ||೧೩||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary introduces the treatment common to Amlādhyuṣita and Śukti. Some authorities do not read the phrase 'except sirāmokṣa,' because they consider its exclusion already established by the fact that Amlādhyuṣita and Śukti are not conditions treated by an operative procedure.

Key terms

अम्लाख्य (amlākhya)
A named ocular condition for which the preceding treatment sequence is extended.
अम्लाध्युषित (amlādhyuṣita)
The classical ocular condition named by the commentary alongside Śukti.
शुक्ति (śukti)
A named ocular disorder addressed together with Amlādhyuṣita in this passage.
सिरामोक्ष (sirāmokṣa)
The classical procedure of releasing blood from a vein, explicitly excluded in the transmitted reading.
अशस्त्रकृत्य (aśastrakṛtya)
Not requiring treatment with a surgical instrument or operative procedure.

Adhikarana ೧೪ (೧೪) · Śloka ೧೪

ಸರ್ಪಿಃ ಪೇಯಂ ತ್ರೈಫಲಂ ತೈಲ್ವಕಂ ವಾ ಪೇಯಂ ವಾ ಸ್ಯಾತ್ ಕೇವಲಂ ಯತ್ ಪುರಾಣಮ್ |೧೪|

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सर्पिः पेयं त्रैफलं तैल्वकं वा पेयं वा स्यात् केवलं यत् पुराणम् |१४|

Meaning of the śloka

One should drink either ghee prepared with Triphalā, ghee prepared with Tailvaka, or simply old ghee.

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ಅಮ್ಲಾಧ್ಯುಷಿತೇ ವಿಶೇಷಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಿತಮಾಹ- ಸರ್ಪಿರಿತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಆದ್ಯಂ ಘೃತದ್ವಯಂ ಸಂಶೋಧನಂ, ಪುರಾಣಘೃತಂ ತು ಸಂಶಮನಮ್|೧೪|-

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary presents this as the specific treatment for Amlādhyuṣita. It explains that the first two ghee preparations are used for cleansing, whereas old ghee is used for pacification.

Key terms

त्रैफल सर्पिस् (traiphala sarpis)
Ghee prepared with Triphalā, described here as a cleansing preparation.
तैल्वक (tailvaka)
A named ghee preparation described by the commentary as cleansing.
पुराण घृत (purāṇa ghṛta)
Old or aged ghee, described here as pacifying.
संशोधन (saṃśodhana)
Cleansing or evacuative treatment, the function assigned to the first two preparations.
संशमन (saṃśamana)
Pacifying treatment, the function assigned to old ghee.

Adhikarana ೧೫ (೧೪) · Śloka ೧೪

ದೋಷೇಽಧಸ್ತಾಚ್ಛುಕ್ತಿಕಾಯಾಮಪಾಸ್ತೇ ಶೀತೈರ್ದ್ರವ್ಯೈರಞ್ಜನಂ ಕಾರ್ಯಮಾಶು ||೧೪||

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दोषेऽधस्ताच्छुक्तिकायामपास्ते शीतैर्द्रव्यैरञ्जनं कार्यमाशु ||१४||

Meaning of the śloka

In Śukti, after the doṣa has been expelled downward, an añjana made from cooling substances should be applied promptly.

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ಶುಕ್ತಿಕಾಯಾಂ ವಿಶೇಷಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಿತಮಾಹ- ದೋಷೇ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ| ಅಧಸ್ತಾದಪಾಸ್ತೇ ದೋಷೇ ‘ವಿರೇಚನೇನ’ ಇತಿ ಶೇಷಃ||೧೪||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary identifies this as the specific treatment for Śukti. It supplies the omitted qualification that the doṣa is expelled downward by virecana before the cooling añjana is used.

Key terms

शुक्तिका (śuktikā)
The named ocular condition for which this specific sequence is stated.
दोष (doṣa)
The pathogenic factor said here to be expelled downward before local treatment.
विरेचन (virecana)
The evacuative procedure supplied by the commentary as the means of downward expulsion.
शीत द्रव्य (śīta dravya)
Substances characterized as cooling and used in the described eye application.
अञ्जन (añjana)
A classical preparation applied to the eye.

Adhikarana ೧೬ (೧೫) · Śloka ೧೫

ವೈದೂರ್ಯಂ ಯತ್ ಸ್ಫಾಟಿಕಂ ವೈದ್ರುಮಂ ಚ ಮೌಕ್ತಂ ಶಾಙ್ಖಂ ರಾಜತಂ ಶಾತಕುಮ್ಭಮ್ | ಚೂರ್ಣಂ ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮಂ ಶರ್ಕರಾಕ್ಷೌದ್ರಯುಕ್ತಂ ಶುಕ್ತಿಂ ಹನ್ಯಾದಞ್ಜನಂ ಚೈತದಾಶು ||೧೫||

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वैदूर्यं यत् स्फाटिकं वैद्रुमं च मौक्तं शाङ्खं राजतं शातकुम्भम् | चूर्णं सूक्ष्मं शर्कराक्षौद्रयुक्तं शुक्तिं हन्यादञ्जनं चैतदाशु ||१५||

Meaning of the śloka

An añjana is described from a very fine powder of vaidūrya, crystal, coral, pearl, conch shell, silver, and gold, combined with sugar and honey; the text says that it quickly removes Śukti.

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ತಾನ್ಯೇವ ಶೀತದ್ರವ್ಯಾಣ್ಯಾಹ- ವೈದೂರ್ಯಮಿತ್ಯಾದಿ||೧೫||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary states that this verse names the cooling substances referred to in the preceding passage.

Key terms

वैदूर्य (vaidūrya)
A precious mineral or gem included among the cooling substances in the eye preparation.
स्फाटिक (sphāṭika)
Crystal, included as an ingredient in the described powder.
वैद्रुम (vaidruma)
Coral, included as an ingredient in the described preparation.
मौक्त (maukta)
Pearl or a pearl-derived substance used in the formula.
शाङ्ख (śāṅkha)
Conch-shell material included in the described powder.
राजत (rājata)
Silver included in the historical eye preparation.
शातकुम्भ (śātakumbha)
Gold included in the historical eye preparation.
अञ्जन (añjana)
A preparation intended for direct application to the eye.

Adhikarana ೧೭ (೧೬) · Śloka ೧೬

ಯುಞ್ಜ್ಯಾತ್ ಸರ್ಪಿರ್ಧೂಮದರ್ಶೀ ನರಸ್ತು ಶೇಷಂ ಕುರ್ಯಾದ್ರಕ್ತಪಿತ್ತೇ ವಿಧಾನಮ್ | ಯಚ್ಚೈವಾನ್ಯತ್ ಪಿತ್ತಹೃಚ್ಚಾಪಿ ಸರ್ವಂ ಯದ್ವೀಸರ್ಪೇ ಪೈತ್ತಿಕೇ ವೈ ವಿಧಾನಮ್ ||೧೬||

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युञ्ज्यात् सर्पिर्धूमदर्शी नरस्तु शेषं कुर्याद्रक्तपित्ते विधानम् | यच्चैवान्यत् पित्तहृच्चापि सर्वं यद्वीसर्पे पैत्तिके वै विधानम् ||१६||

Meaning of the śloka

A person experiencing Dhūmadarśin should use ghee. The remaining regimen prescribed for Raktapitta should also be followed, together with every other measure that reduces pitta and the regimen prescribed for paittika Visarpa.

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ಧೂಮದರ್ಶಿನಶ್ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಿತಮಾಹ- ಯುಞ್ಜ್ಯಾದಿತ್ಯಾದಿ| ರಕ್ತಪಿತ್ತೇ ವಿಧಾನಮಿತಿ ರಕ್ತಾಭಿಷ್ಯನ್ದೇ ಪಿತ್ತಾಭಿಷ್ಯನ್ದೇ ಚ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಿತಂ ಯದುಕ್ತಂ ತದಿತ್ಯರ್ಥಃ| ಅನ್ಯತ್ ಪಿತ್ತಹೃದಿತಿ ಪಿತ್ತವಿದಗ್ಧದೃಷ್ಟೇರ್ಯದ್ವಿಧಾನಂ ತದತ್ರ ಯೋಜಯೇತ್| ಯದ್ವೀಸರ್ಪೇ ಪೈತ್ತಿಕೇ ವೈ ವಿಧಾನಮಿತಿ ಪಿತ್ತವಿಸರ್ಪೋಕ್ತಂ ವಿಧಾನಂ ಯೋಜಯೇದಿತಿ ಸಮ್ಬನ್ಧಃ||೧೬||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary introduces the treatment of Dhūmadarśin. It explains that 'the regimen for Raktapitta' here means the treatments already stated for Raktābhiṣyanda and Pittābhiṣyanda. 'Other measures that reduce pitta' refers to the regimen for Pittavidagdhadṛṣṭi, and the final phrase directs the use of the regimen taught for pittaja Visarpa.

Key terms

धूमदर्शिन् (dhūmadarśin)
A classical visual condition whose name conveys seeing as though through smoke.
रक्ताभिष्यन्द (raktābhiṣyanda)
A classical ocular disorder whose previously stated treatment is referenced here.
पित्ताभिष्यन्द (pittābhiṣyanda)
The pitta-associated ocular disorder and treatment context of this chapter.
पित्तविदग्धदृष्टि (pittavidagdhadṛṣṭi)
A classical disorder of vision whose regimen is included among the pitta-reducing measures.
पैत्तिक विसर्प (paittika visarpa)
Pitta-associated Visarpa, whose previously taught regimen is referred to by analogy.
सर्पिस् (sarpis)
Ghee, stated as part of the regimen for Dhūmadarśin.

Adhikarana ಪುಷ್ಪಿಕಾ · Śloka ೧೦

ಇತಿ ಸುಶ್ರುತಸಂಹಿತಾಯಾಮುತ್ತರತನ್ತ್ರಾನ್ತರ್ಗತೇ ಶಾಲಾಕ್ಯತನ್ತ್ರೇ ಪಿತ್ತಾಭಿಷ್ಯನ್ದಪ್ರತಿಷೇಧೋ ನಾಮ ದಶಮೋಽಧ್ಯಾಯಃ ||೧೦||

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इति सुश्रुतसंहितायामुत्तरतन्त्रान्तर्गते शालाक्यतन्त्रे पित्ताभिष्यन्दप्रतिषेधो नाम दशमोऽध्यायः ||१०||

Meaning of the śloka

Thus ends the tenth chapter of the Śālākya-tantra within the Uttaratantra of the Suśruta Saṃhitā, entitled 'Prevention and Treatment of Pittābhiṣyanda.'

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ಇತಿ ಶ್ರೀಡಲ್ಹ(ಹ್ಲ)ಣವಿರಚಿತಾಯಾಂ ನಿಬನ್ಧಸಙ್ಗ್ರಹಾಖ್ಯಾಯಾಂ ಸುಶ್ರುತವ್ಯಾಖ್ಯಾಯಾಮುತ್ತರತನ್ತ್ರಾನ್ತರ್ಗತೇ ಶಾಲಾಕ್ಯತನ್ತ್ರೇ ದಶಮೋಽಧ್ಯಾಯಃ||೧೦||

Meaning of the commentary

The commentary colophon states that the tenth chapter of the Śālākya-tantra within the Uttaratantra is complete in Dalhaṇa's commentary on the Suśruta Saṃhitā entitled Nibandhasaṅgraha. The source preserves a spelling variation in Dalhaṇa's name.

Key terms

पित्ताभिष्यन्दप्रतिषेध (pittābhiṣyanda-pratiṣedha)
The chapter title, concerning the prevention and treatment of Pittābhiṣyanda.
उत्तर तन्त्र (uttaratantra)
The division of the Suśruta Saṃhitā containing this chapter.
शालाक्यतन्त्र (śālākya-tantra)
The specialized subject division named in the colophon.
निबन्धसङ्ग्रह (nibandhasaṅgraha)
The title of Dalhaṇa's commentary.
दशमोऽध्यायः (daśamo 'dhyāyaḥ)
The tenth chapter.
← 9. vātābhiṣyandapratiṣēdhādhyāyaḥ11. ślēṣmābhiṣyandapratiṣēdhādhyāyaḥ →